How to Use Partial Products to Multiply One-Digit Numbers By Multi-digit Numbers
Partial products are another great strategy for simplifying multiplication problems, especially when multiplying one-digit numbers by multi-digit numbers.
A Step-by-step Guide to Using Partial Products to Multiply One-Digit Numbers By Multi-digit Numbers
Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use the partial products method to multiply one-digit numbers via multi-digit numbers:
Let’s use an example of 4 x 123.
Step 1: Break down the multi-digit number
First, you need to break down the multi-digit number into its place values. In this case, 123 becomes \(100+20+3\).
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Step 2: Multiply the single-digit number with each part of the multi-digit number
Now, you multiply the single-digit number (in this case, 4) with each part of the multi-digit number:
- \(4×100=400\)
- \(4×20=80\)
- \(4×3=12\)
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Step 3: Add the products
Finally, you add up all of these products to get the answer:
\(400+80+12=492\)
So, \(4×123=492\)
This method is called the Partial Products method because you are finding the product of parts of the multi-digit number (the “partial products”) and then adding them together. This method helps students understand the concept of multiplication and the importance of place value. It can be a great stepping stone before learning more traditional multiplication algorithms.
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