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Standing committees

Standing committees

CLEP American Government, Chapter 8 Standing committees Standing committees are permanent panels with continuing subject-matter jurisdiction. They develop expertise, hold hearings, mark up bills, and oversee agencies within their policy areas. Jurisdiction organizes expertise and gatekeeping. Members and staff repeatedly handle related agencies and statutes, enabling detailed review that the full chamber cannot perform. That […]

Party caucuses and conferences

Party caucuses and conferences

CLEP American Government, Chapter 8 Party caucuses and conferences House and Senate party caucuses or conferences select leaders, discuss strategy, and coordinate members. They are party organizations inside the legislature rather than constitutionally required governmental bodies. These meetings create internal party authority. Members elect their leaders, adopt party rules, discuss legislative priorities, and resolve some […]

President pro tempore

President pro tempore

Whips

Whips

Majority and minority parties

Majority and minority parties

Senate majority leader

Senate majority leader

Speaker of the House

Speaker of the House

Descriptive and substantive representation

Descriptive and substantive representation

Incumbency advantage

Incumbency advantage

Constituency representation

Constituency representation

Majority-minority districts

Majority-minority districts

Gerrymandering

Gerrymandering