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Implementation

Implementation

CLEP American Government, Chapter 13 Implementation A law on the page does not inspect a workplace, issue a benefit, repair a road, or answer a citizen's application. Implementation is the process of translating an enacted policy into an operating program. Agencies interpret assigned goals, organize staff, issue guidance or rules, build information systems, distribute grants […]

Administrative discretion

Administrative discretion

CLEP American Government, Chapter 13 Administrative discretion No statute or manual can anticipate every fact. Administrative discretion is the judgment left to officials within legal boundaries. Congress may direct an agency to use a "reasonable," "safe," or "public interest" standard. Managers may decide where to place limited inspectors, and frontline employees may evaluate unusual evidence […]

Rulemaking

Rulemaking

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

Patronage and the spoils system

Patronage and the spoils system

Merit system

Merit system

Civil service

Civil service

Bureaucratic hierarchy

Bureaucratic hierarchy

Government corporations

Government corporations

Independent regulatory commissions

Independent regulatory commissions

Independent executive agencies

Independent executive agencies

Cabinet departments

Cabinet departments