CLEP U.S. History I 085: Irish and German Immigration
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 16 | Lesson 16.1 The Great Famine drove mass Irish migration after 1845. Many migrants arrived poor, Catholic, and dependent on wage work in eastern cities. They built parishes, mutual-aid societies, newspapers, and political networks. Irish workers entered construction, domestic service, docks, factories, and canal work, often facing signs […]
CLEP U.S. History I 084: Manifest Destiny as Ideology and Debate
U.S. History to 1877 | Chapter 15 | Lesson 15.6 The phrase Manifest Destiny expressed the belief that U.S. continental expansion was providential, historically destined, and beneficial. It joined older republican hopes, racial hierarchy, Protestant mission, economic ambition, security arguments, and partisan politics. Its power came from presenting choice as inevitability. If expansion was destiny, […]
